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Can Muslims donate/transfuse blood?
A: It is permissible to donate and transfuse blood if:
a) There is a desperate need to donate blood;
b) There is no other alternative; and
c) This has been prescribed by an expert medical practitioner. This permissibility is based on
the principal of necessity relaxes prohibition. (Al-Ashbaah). However, the permissibility of blood donation and blood transfusion
is determined by the following conditions:
a) The donor willingly donates his blood. If he is compelled to do so, it will
not be permissible;
b) There is no danger to his (the donors) life or health;
c) If the doctor feels that the patient will lose his life and there is no other alternative
but recourse of blood transfusion; and d) There is no fear of death but the recovery is not possible without blood transfusion.
It is not permissible to sell ones blood or to pay the blood donor. However, if one is in need of blood desperately and the
only means to obtain the blood is to purchase it, then only will it be permissible to pay for the blood. NB. Blood donation
and blood transfusion is not permissible for the sake of beautification or for any other reason other than genuine necessity.
Organ Transplant
Many Islamic scholars and Jurists have written on the subject of organ
transplant. Over the decades, medicine has improved and advanced dramatically, taking medical technology to extreme heights.
Today, through the vast medical advancement, almost any transplant of the human body can be performed. Owing to the
technological medical changes, prominent and renowned jurists of the world have carefully analysed the process of organ transplant
and upon investigation made the following observations:
1. When any person's limb or organ becomes unusable and that
limb or organ is needed to function in the future by a suitable replacement then the following conditions must be considered.
Use of a non-living component.
Use the limb of those animals permissible to eat and slaughtered according to the
Islamic rites of slaughter.
There is almost certain fear of loss of life or danger of losing the limb/organ and the
replacement is only found in Haraam animals or in permissible animals (which can be eaten) but not slaughtered according to
Islamic rites, then use of such a component will be permissible. However, if there is no imminent danger of loss of life then
it will not be permissible to use anything from the pig.
2. Similarly, a transplant of any nature whatsoever is permissible
from one part to another part of the body of the same person when necessary.
3. The sale of any part of the human
body is Haraam.
4. If any ill person reaches a stage that a specific organ becomes unusable (to such an extent) that
if a human organ is not replaced into the body then there is an immediate danger of loss of life -- the human organ is the
only suitable replacement and medical experts are absolutely certain that besides the human organ, there is no other life-saving
substitute and the patients' life is in danger, and the human organ is easily available to the patient, then in that dire
need a human organ transplant (to save one's life) will be permissible for the sick.
5. When a perfectly healthy person
on the advice of an expert physician confirms that the removal of one kidney will not harm nor cause ill-health whatsoever
and considering the deteriorating health of his sick immediate family member which may cause death and there is no other alternate
or substitute then this will be permissible with the condition that the kidney be donated and not sold.
The bequest
(Wasiyyat) of a person that after his death, his organs be donated is forbidden in Shariah.
and Allah Ta'ala Knows
Best
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